1. Diffuse thalamocortical system:

 A.  Refers to a diffuse thalamic projection of some nuclei in which they don't degenerate after the cortex 
	    is removed.
 B.  Is most related to primary projection nuclei.
 C.  Are those nuclei involved in integration and elaboration of motor movements.
 D.  Are those nuclei responsible for the EEG.
 E.  None of the above.

2. Thalamic syndrome does not include:

 A.  Sexual behavioral alterations.
 B.  Emotional changes.
 C.  Various degrees of anesthesia.
 D.  Motor symptoms.
 E.  Decreased threshold to various stimuli.

3. Which of the following is incorrect in regard to the thalamus?

 A.  Stimulation of the intralaminar region results in the "arrest reaction" which is similar to petit mal 
	    epilepsy
 B.  Stimulation of sensory relay nuclei can evoke behavior, which appears to be a reaction to specific 
	    sensory stimuli.
 C.  Application of strychnine to various thalamic regions can cause hypersensitivity to peripheral stimuli.
 D.  Stimulation of the anterior group of nuclei can produce sleep.
 E.  Stimulation of some thalamic nuclei can produce irritability.


4. The thalamic nuclei which receive sensory information from the face is:

 A.  Ventral posterior medial nucleus.
 B.  Ventral posterior lateral nucleus.
 C.  Arcuate or semi-lunar nucleus.
 D.  Dorso-medial thalamic nucleus.
 E.   Both A and C.


5. Which of the following thalamic projection patterns is incorrect?

 A.  VPL --> area 1, 2, and 3.
 B.  VA --> area 6 and 8.
 C.  Medial geniculate body --> area 41 and 42.
 D.  DM --> frontal cortex.
 E.  VL --> areas 1, 2, and 3. 

6. Upon stimulation of non-specific thalamic nuclei at 6-10 per second one would find:

 A.  A desynchronization of EEG activity.
 B.  A bilateral recruiting response only with bilateral stimulation.
 C.  Inhibition of the recruiting response if the reticular formation was simultaneously stimulated.
 D.  An alteration in the cortical spontaneous activity identical in time and rhythm as the thalamic 
	    stimulation.
 E.  None of the above.

7. Which is not correct in regard to the thalamus?

  A.  The nuclei that are primary relay nuclei to discrete regions of the cortex is the VPL, VPM, medial 
	     and lateral geniculate body.
  B.  The thalamic syndrome includes diminished sensation on  the contralateral half of the body.
  C.  Is primary relay to the cerebral cortex for all sensory information.
  D.  Includes the medial and lateral geniculate bodies.
  E.   None of the above.

8. The projections of the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus are primarily related to:

  A.  The cingulate gyrus.
  B.  The parietal lobe.
  C.  The prefrontal cortex.
  D.  The entorhinal cortex.
  E.  The temporal lobe.

9. Which of the following is not true in regard to the thalamus:

  A.  Stimulation of the medial thalamic nuclei at low frequency results in a sleeplike state in the cat, 
	     which can be awakened by various stimuli.
  B.  Stimulation of the intralaminar nuclei at low frequency results in an arrest reaction similar to petit 
	     mal epilepsy.
  C.  Application of strychnine to the ventral parts of the lateral nuclear mass causes hypo-sensitivity to 
	     all peripheral stimuli and decreased pain sensation.
  D.  Dorsomedial thalamic lesions results in increased irritability and rage reactions.
  E.   None of the above.

10. All of the following are true in regard to the dorsomedial thalamus except:

 A.  Its major input is from the hypothalamus, habenula, other thalamic nuclei, basal ganglia, and sensory 
	    systems.
 B.  Its major output is to prefrontal cortex by way of the anterior and inferior thalamic radiation.
 C.  Stimulation can produce somatotopic patterns of motor movements.
 D.  Lesions result only in frontal cortex symptoms.
 E.  It associates somatic, visceral, olfacto and other sensory impulses, placing an affective tone upon such 
	    impulses arising from the frontal cortex.

11. The projections of the anterior thalamic nucleus are primarily to:

 A.  Frontal cortex.
 B.  Dorsomedial thalamus.
 C.  Preoptic hypothalamic nuclei.
 D.  Habenular cortex.
 E.  Cingulate cortex.

12. The thalamic nuclei which is not considered a midline nuclear component is:

 A.  Paratenial.
 B.  Paraventricular.
 C.  Dorsomedialis.
 D.  Median central.
 E.  Rhomboidal.
 F.  Reunions.

13. Examples of primary thalamic nuclei include all of the following except:

 A.  Ventral lateral nucleus.
 B.  Ventral posterior lateral nucleus.
 C.  Medial geniculate body.
 D.  Ventral posterior medial nucleus.
 E.  Ventral posterior inferior nucleus.
 F.  Lateral geniculate body.

14. Dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus has reciprocal connections with:

 A.  Amygdaloid nuclei.
 B.  Frontal cortex.
 C.  Cingulate cortex.
 D.  Mammillary bodies.
 E.  All of the above.
 F.  A and B.
 G.  A, B, and C.

15. The dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus:

 A.  Receives a rich input from olfacto-visceral, somatic hypothalamic and other various brain structure, 
	    integrates the information and relays it to the frontal cortex.
 B.  It projects to the prefrontal cortex by way of the subcallosal bundle.
 C.  Plays no functional significance on clinical neurology as lesions show no dysfunction.
 D.  Is the only thalamic nucleus involved in the limbic system.
 E.  Has the same functions as the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus.

16. Which of the following structures does not project to the nucleus VL of the thalamus?

 A.  Globus pallidus.
 B.  Red nucleus.
 C.  Motor cortex.
 D.  Dentate nucleus.
 E. None of the above.

17. Which of the following thalamic projections is incorrect?

 A.  Medial geniculate body --> area 41.
 B.  Lateral geniculate body --> area 17.
 C.  VL --> area 4.
 D.  VPM --> area 4, 6, 8.
 E.  Dorsomedial --> orbital frontal cortex.

18. The thalamic nucleus which receives sensory information from the face is:

 A.  Semilunar.
 B.  Arcuate.
 C.  VPM
 D.  VPL
 E.  A, B and C
 F.  C and D
 G.  None of the above.

19. If one applied strychnine to the ventral parts of the lateral nuclear mass of the thalamus, it could 
      result in:

 A.  Behavior which appeared to be a reaction to a specific sensory stimulus.
 B.  Parasthesia of all peripheral stimuli which was painful in nature.
 C.  Epileptic seizure.
 D.  Sleep.
 E.  Hyperphagia.

20. Which of the following thalamic nuclei are incorrectly matched with their region of cortical projection.  
      Select more than one answer if necessary.

 A.  Nucleus VA --> precentral gyrus.
 B.  Anterior nucleus --> cingulate cortex.
 C.  Pulvinar --> posterior parietal and posterior temporal cortex.
 D.  Nucleus DM --> premotor cortex area 6.
 E.  Medial geniculate body --> occipital cortex areas 18 and 19.